Researchers at The University of Hong Kong (HKU) are spearheading an international initiative to investigate the alarming decline of insect populations in tropical forests.
Key Points at a Glance
- HKU ecologists lead a global study on declining insect biodiversity in tropical forests.
- Tropical insects face threats from urbanization, habitat loss, pollution, and climate change.
- Declining insect populations may disrupt ecosystem processes and increase disease outbreaks.
- Advancements in AI and genetics are aiding research despite data gaps in tropical regions.
Insects, the most abundant and diverse group of animals on Earth, play vital roles in ecosystem functioning. However, their populations are experiencing significant declines, particularly in tropical forests where most insect species reside. Despite their ecological importance, research on tropical insects has been limited, with most studies focusing on European species.
The HKU-led team aims to fill this knowledge gap by examining the various threats facing tropical insects. Urbanization and habitat fragmentation reduce available habitats, while pollution from agriculture and urban areas further degrades their environments. Invasive species pose a significant risk, especially on tropical islands where unique insect species have already faced extinction. Climate change adds another layer of threat, not only through rising temperatures but also by disrupting critical weather patterns like El Niño and La Niña.
The decline in insect biodiversity has far-reaching consequences. Disruptions in insect populations can affect carbon cycling, impacting global climate regulation. Moreover, changes in insect dynamics may lead to increased outbreaks of pests and diseases such as dengue and malaria, posing risks to human health and food security.
Addressing these challenges requires comprehensive data, which has been lacking in tropical regions. However, recent advancements in artificial intelligence and genetic research are beginning to bridge this gap, offering new tools to study and conserve insect biodiversity.
The collaborative effort led by HKU underscores the importance of international partnerships in tackling global environmental issues. By bringing together experts from various continents, the initiative exemplifies how collective scientific endeavors can lead to innovative solutions for pressing ecological challenges.
Source: The University of Hong Kong
